Biography of Fatima al-Zahra (sa)

Early Life

Fatima Zahra (sa) was born on 20 Jumada al-Sani, in the year 5 BH (Before Hijra) or 8 BH, in the sacred city of Makkah. She was the daughter of Prophet Muhammad (s) and Lady Khadija (a), and her lineage places her among the most revered figures in Islamic history. She was married to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a). She was the only woman chosen by Prophet Muhammad (s) to participate in the Mubahala with the Christians of Najran. This event underscores her integral role in defending and affirming the truth of Islam against challenges from other faiths.

The Infallible and Her Epitaphs

Fatima Zahra (sa) is honored as one of the Fourteen Infallibles, a group comprising the Prophet Muhammad (s), his daughter Fatima, and the twelve Imams. She is known by several revered titles:

• Al-Zahra': The Radiant

• Al-Batul: The Chaste

• Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin: The Mistress of the Women of the Worlds

• Umm Abiha: The Mother of Her Father

  
  

These titles reflect her purity, piety, and significant role in the Islamic faith.

Devotion and Legacy

Imam Hasan (as) recounts a poignant moment illustrating Fatima’s deep devotion. He observed her praying continuously through the night, making supplications for the faithful but not for herself. When asked why, she responded, “Oh my son, the neighbor [first] and then the house [hold].” This statement highlights her selflessness and commitment to others' welfare before her own needs.

Death and Martyrdom

Fatima Al-Zahra (sa) passed away on 13 Jumada al-Awwal, 11 AH or 3 Jumada al-Thani, 11 AH, in Madinah al-Munawarah. The exact location of her grave remains unknown, but it is widely acknowledged that she was martyred after suffering injuries. Her death is a subject of deep mourning and reflection in Islamic history.